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OpenClawHermes第 4 个文件,共 8 个 · 5 个字段

USER.mdWho you are & how you work

Stores information about the person or team the agent serves — preferences, goals, and access level — so the agent can personalise every interaction.

此文件控制什么

USER.md 告诉你的智能体它在为谁服务。没有这个文件,智能体每次会话都会把每个用户当作陌生人——不了解角色、目标、沟通偏好或权限级别。结果就是通用的、千篇一律的回复,浪费时间在不必要的解释上,或者更糟糕的是,以错误的详细程度提供信息。

USER.md 是 OpenClaw 和 Hermes 运行时都支持的仅有的三个文件之一(另外两个是 SOUL.md 和 MEMORY.md)。运行时在启动序列中加载它,并将内容注入系统提示词的用户上下文部分,使智能体从第一条消息起就能个性化每次交互。

五个字段涵盖了用户的身份(userName、userRole)、目标(userGoals)、沟通偏好(userPrefs)和权限级别(userAccess)。对于团队部署,USER.md 可以按个人用户配置,也可以作为共享的团队配置文件——但在单个文件中混合个人用户和团队范围的配置会造成混乱。对于拥有超过 5 个不同用户档案的组织,建议使用带 RBAC 模板变量的动态用户上下文。

为什么重要: Without USER.md, your agent treats you like a stranger every session.

逐字段详解

定义智能体行为的 5 个字段

userName必填

The name of the primary user or team.

userName: "e.g. Sarah Chen"
userRole必填

The user's role within the organisation.

userRole: "e.g. Head of Operations"
userGoals必填

What the user is trying to achieve with this agent.

userGoals: "e.g. Reduce ticket response time to under 5 minutes..."
userPrefs可选

Communication style and format preferences.

userPrefs: "e.g. British English, concise replies, no emojis..."
userAccess必填

What data and actions the user can access through the agent.

userAccess: "Select access level"

实际配置示例

FinleyManchester · 8 人 · 会计事务所
## userName
Sarah Whitfield

## userRole
Senior Partner, Whitfield & Associates. 15 years in UK tax practice. Manages 4 associates and oversees all client engagements.

## userGoals
- Reduce time spent on routine HMRC guidance lookups by 60%
- Ensure associates have a reliable first-line research resource
- Never miss a filing deadline for any client

## userPrefs
- British English, formal tone
- Show the source (statute or HMRC guidance reference) for every answer
- Lead with the practical recommendation, then provide the legal basis
- Keep responses under 300 words unless asked for detail

## userAccess
Medium — act on routine research queries; ask before taking any action that affects client files or sends communications.

常见错误

将 userGoals 视为静态不变的

目标会随着业务优先级的变化而演变。过期的目标会导致建议偏差——智能体在为上个季度的优先级做优化。每月或在任何战略变化后审查 userGoals。

过度授予 userAccess 权限

当'中等'权限就够用时却设为'高',违反了最小权限原则。智能体会执行本应需要人类确认的自主操作,从而产生风险。

userPrefs 过于模糊

'简洁一点'对不同的人意味着不同的事情。指定可量化的偏好:字数限制、格式要求、语言风格和特定于平台的惯例。

多个用户共用一个 USER.md

当一个文件服务于整个团队时,智能体无法个性化回复。每个用户都得到通用输出。对于 3 人以上的团队,使用单独的用户配置文件或动态 RBAC 模板变量。

SetupClaw 如何处理

USER.md 在入职流程中按命名用户进行配置。我们的专家会访谈每位主要用户,捕捉他们实际的工作偏好——不是理想中的偏好——并将其转化为可操作的配置。

£770

为最多 3 位命名用户配置目标、偏好和权限级别

£1,100

以上全部 + 基于真实交互模式的 30 天偏好审查

£2,200

以上全部 + 大型团队的动态 RBAC 模板 + 季度用户上下文刷新

  • 每位用户的全部 5 个字段已配置
  • 权限级别与组织角色匹配
  • 偏好已对照实际沟通模式验证
  • 与 SOUL.md vibe 交叉引用以确保一致性
  • 已记录权限设置理由以供审计

入职期间配置(第 1-2 天)。第 30 天进行偏好审查(Standard+)。

进阶主题

使用 RBAC 模板变量的动态用户上下文

对于服务超过 5 位不同用户的部署,静态 USER.md 文件变得难以管理。使用 RBAC 模板变量,在运行时根据已认证用户的身份进行解析。OpenClaw 运行时从你的身份提供商替换 {{user.role}} 和 {{user.access}} 等变量,使单个 USER.md 模板能够服务整个组织。

## userName
{{user.displayName}}

## userRole
{{user.jobTitle}}, {{user.department}}

## userAccess
{{#if user.isAdmin}}High{{else if user.isManager}}Medium{{else}}Low{{/if}}

配置示例

Persona AMeridian首席参谋

# USER.md -- User Profile

## userName
Alex

## userRole
CEO/Founder, Series B, 80 people

## userGoals
- Force multiplier: reduce context-switching overhead
- Clear the critical path for high-leverage decisions
- Surface risks before they become crises

## userPrefs
- Bottom-line-up-front (BLUF) format
- Tables and bullet hierarchies preferred
- No filler language or unnecessary caveats

## userAccess
Medium — act on routine, ask for critical
Persona BAxiom (增长黑客)
# USER.md -- User Profile

## userName
Jordan

## userRole
Head of Growth, B2B SaaS, £1.6M ARR

## userGoals
- Reach £8M in 18 months
- Ruthless prioritisation of growth levers
- Build a self-improving experimentation engine

## userPrefs
- ICE framework for all recommendations
- Data tables with period-over-period comparisons
- Skip context — assume domain fluency

## userAccess
High — act autonomously, notify after
Persona CLumen (科研人员)
# USER.md -- User Profile

## userName
Dr. Priya

## userRole
Principal Investigator, biotech

## userGoals
- Research assistant at PhD-student standards
- Never miss a relevant publication
- Structured evidence synthesis for grant applications

## userPrefs
- Academic register with appropriate hedging
- Always include confidence levels and effect sizes
- Structured report format by default

## userAccess
Low — always ask before acting
Persona DNarrative (内容创作者)
# USER.md -- User Profile

## userName
Casey

## userRole
Director of Content, B2B fintech

## userGoals
- Scale from 4 to 12 pieces/month without quality loss
- Build an evergreen content library
- Improve organic traffic by 3x in 6 months

## userPrefs
- Editorial brief format for all recommendations
- Platform-specific formatting (LinkedIn, blog, email)
- Always connect recommendations to business outcomes

## userAccess
High — act autonomously, notify after
Persona EArchitect (首席工程师)
# USER.md -- User Profile

## userName
Sam

## userRole
CTO, 25-person engineering team

## userGoals
- Principal-level adviser catching architectural mistakes
- Reduce unplanned tech debt accumulation
- Ensure no security vulnerabilities ship to production

## userPrefs
- Diagrams and pseudocode preferred
- ADR format for significant decisions
- Challenge weak assumptions directly

## userAccess
Medium — act on routine, ask for critical

跳过复杂配置 —— 让我们为您配置工作区

我们处理全部 8 个文件,包括 USER.md。

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